《植物生理学报》 2011, 47(4): 379-384

郁金香花芽分化过程中鳞茎碳水化合物和蛋白质含量的变化

汪晓谦¹, 张延龙^2,*, 牛立新¹, 孙惠莉³, 司国臣²

西北农林科技大学1园艺学院, 2林学院, 3理学院, 陕西杨凌712100

通信作者：张延龙；E-mail: zylnyz@sohu.com；Tel: 029-87082230

摘　要：

以郁金香的两个品种‘朱迪斯’ (‘Judith Leyster’)和‘大笑’ (‘Big Smile’)为材料, 采用石蜡切片法确定其花芽分化进程, 并测定花芽分化期鳞茎内碳水化合物和可溶性蛋白质含量的变化。结果表明, 郁金香花芽分化过程中, 两个品种的碳水化 合物含量的变化趋势较为接近。随着鳞茎含水量的下降, 可溶性总糖和可溶性蛋白含量均呈先增加后减少的趋势。淀粉 含量的变化呈现波动性, 而淀粉酶活性则持续增强并在后期达到稳定水平。鳞片中可溶性糖含量和淀粉酶活性同时增加 是郁金香花芽形态分化启动的标志。相比于外层鳞片, 内层鳞片是为花芽原基生长发育提供营养物质的首要场所。

关键词：郁金香; 花芽分化; 碳水化合物; 蛋白质

收稿：2011-01-27   修定：2011-03-16

资助：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903020)和陕西省科技攻关项目(2009K331020906)。

Changes of Carbohydrate and Protein Contents in Bulbs of Tulipa gesneriana L. during Flower Bud Differentiation

WANG Xiao-Qian¹, ZHANG Yan-Long^2,*, NIU Li-Xin¹, SUN Hui-Li³, SI Guo-Chen²

¹College of Horticulture, ²College of Forestry, ³College of Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG Yan-Long; E-mail: zylnyz@sohu.com; Tel: 029-87082230

Abstract:

Two different tulip cultivars, Tulipa gesneriana L. cv. ‘Judith Leyster’ and ‘Big Smile’, were adopted in the experiment. The course of flower bud differentiation was observed and the contents of carbohydrate and soluble protein were measured during flower bud differentiation. The results showed that the amounts of carbohydrate during the bud differentiation showed a similar tendency among the two cultivars. Along with the decrease of the water content, the contents of the total soluble sugar and protein increased at the beginning, reaching to the peaks in the outer petal differentiation stage then began to decline. The amylase activity increased to a stable level during bud differentiation, while the change of starch content exhibited a little fluctuation. It was the marker of the initiation of tulip flower bud morphological differentiation that soluble sugar content and amylase activity of the scales increased together. The primary source of nutrient in the flower bud differentiation periods is the inner scales relative to the outer scales.

Key words: tulip; flower bud differentiation; carbohydrate; protein